term+2

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he is more conservative but effective

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I've posted this video for studying help for my fellow classmates

test friday 14th - define the 2 main categories of nutrition, define with examples different types of each category,identify the processes involved in nutrition by humans, define a balanced diet and explain any factors that influence a balanced diet, discuss the nutrients that make up a balanced diet.

site on vitamins and the effect of difficiency : https://medlineplus.gov/vitamins.html


 * 1) draw and label a leaf of a plant from your yard. (make sure you get permission to pick the leaf from your mother's)
 * 2) do some reading and research and state how the leaf represented in question one is adapted by its external structures to photosynthesis
 * 3) find a diagram online showing the internal structures of a leaf and with the help of your text book state how these structures adapt the leaf to photosynthesis.

http://www.bbc.co.uk/education/guides/zwqycdm/test check out link for revision and testing



term 2

food test represented by a simple diagram

Term 2
 * 1) Nutrition, nutrient, diet, balanced diet, carbohydrate, lipids, fat, protein, monosaccharide, disaccharide, polysaccharide, fatty acids and glycerol, amino acids, mineral( iron, calcium, fluoride, phosphorus ), vitamin( A,B,C,D,E,K ), water, ** deficiency diseases (scurvy, beriberi, anaemia, rickets, night blindness and goitre)[[file:Nutrients and food tests.docx]] **
 * 2) Heterotrophic nutrition, saprophyte, holozoic nutrition, ingest, digest, absorb, assimilate, egest
 * , mouth, teeth, tongue, hard palate, stomach, small intestine, colon, rectum and anus
 * 1) Oesophegus, peristalsis, mucus, food bolus, incisor, canine, molar and premolar, enamel, dentine, pulp cavity, cement and fibre, gum, crown and root, mastication, churning, chyme, mechanical digestion, chemical digestion, salivary glands,
 * 2) saliva = water (moistens the food) + mucus (globular proteins coats food bolus) + enzymes - amylase (starts digestion of starch),
 * 3) stomach wall's gastric pits with gastric glands, releases gastric juice = mucus (protects stomach walls from) + acid HCl (enzyme activator and sanitiza) + enzymes - pepsin and renin (diestion of proteins and milk protein)
 * 4) Be able to draw and label a l.s section of a tooth, a gastric pit and the alimentary canal
 * 5) duodenum the first part of the small intestines, common duct/passage enters from pancreas and (liver and gall bladder)
 * 6) liver produces bile, gall bladder stores and releases bile via bile duct, __bile mechanically digest fat__ __globules into smaller fat droplets__ - __**emulsification**__ and __bile salts also neutralises acidic chyme__ as intestinal enzymes work best in neutral pH.
 * 7) 03/03/2012 WITH 4 WEEKS TO GO We looked at the duodenum and the adaptation of the villus to the completion of digestion and absorption for the limited size of the human gut.
 * 8) Parts of the __villus__ to note : __lacteal vessel__ for **fat end products absorption**, __blood capillaries__ for **amino acid and sugars (glucose) absorption** and __mucus secreting goblet cells__ that coats the intestinal wall (**protection against digetive enzymes and lubricates** for easy passage of food)
 * 9) **enzymes of the duodenum** to note: trypsin ( protien)polypeptide digestion to __peptides/amino acids__, pancreatic amylase digestion completion of starch to __maltose (disaccharide__) and lipase digestion of fats to **end products** __fatty acids and glycerol.__
 * 10) 09/03/2012 jejenum then ileum covered with many villi and microvilli that ** support digestion completion and absorption ** of products of digestion.
 * 11) Right ascending, transverse and left descending colon perform **water absorption and faeces formation**
 * 12) The rectum as **temporary storage of faeces** until **egested** by the sphincter bordered anus.[[file:The parts of the alimentary canal in sequence.docx]]
 * 13) __ Enzymes are organic/carbon based, protein molecules that speed up any specific chemical reaction they are involved in without being affected or changed. Enzymes are biological catalysts that work best at a specified temperature range (optimum temp) of 37-40 degrees celsius, at a specific pH and with a specific substrate although thay can be inhihited when their active site is occupied by a toxin that resemble their substrate [[file:enzymes 2017.docx]]__
 * 14) __ subtrate a food or organic molecule acted upon by a specific enzyme.__
 * 15) __Extremes in temperature and pH denature (change the protein structure) of enzymes and render them inactive__
 * 16) 17/03/2012 __Autotrophic nutrition -__ light energy producers (e,g,plants & some microbes) __or photosynthesisers__ and electron energy producers (e.g.nitrifying bacteria) __or chemosymthesisers.[[file:Nutrition in plants.docx]]__
 * 17) __photosynthesis -__ Water absorbed from the roots enter leaf cells via xylem vessel. They are soon split by the photons of light absorbed by the chlorophyll pigment. This light dependant reaction produces high energy hydrogen atoms and waste molecules of oxygen gas. Oxygen gas diffuses out while carbon dioxide diffuses in through the stomata (pores on the underside of leaves). Carbon dioxide diffuses into the chloropast of cells that occupy the palisade mesophyll layers of a leaf. Carbon dioxide combines with high energy hydrogen atoms that came from water molecules The 12 hydrogen ions from 6 water molecules give off energy as they bond to 6 carbon dioxide molecules forming the carbohydrate -glucose (stored as starch).
 * 18) leaf parts adapted to photosynthesis - apex (water runoff), lamina (large surface area for sun exposure), midrib and vein (xylem tubes bringing water and phloem vessels moving sucrose), petiole (keeps leaf at 90 degrees to sunlight)
 * 19) tranverse section of a leaf to learn check diagrams below

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 * 1) end of week one into week two 2013
 * 2) [[file:End of week one -nutrition.docx]]
 * 3) [[file:Major nutrients proteins.docx]]
 * 4) [[file:Major nutrients carbs.docx]]
 * 5) [[file:Major nutrients-fat.docx]]
 * 6) [[file:Minor nutri vit.docx]]
 * 7) [[file:WATER VITAMINS.docx]]
 * 8) [[file:Vitamin D.docx]]
 * 9) [[file:water and fibre.docx]]
 * 10) [[file:Age, Gender and Occupation its effects on nutrition.docx]]
 * 11) [[file:Study finds obesity can reduce vit D.docx]]
 * 12) [[file:Above is the Transverse section of a leaf showing how plants produce food and oxygen by using light.docx]]
 * 13) [[file:Mouth and oesophagus.docx]]
 * 14) [[file:Stomach.docx]]

related articles to nutrition

media type="custom" key="25150346" width="841" height="227" related articles to projects

There are five processes of holozoic nutrition fill in the missing processes. When does food enter the body? Describe the substances that are egested.

1.draw, label and identify in a title the figrure of the tooth shown 2.Identify what process the tooth is involved in and explain how it functions 3.Which label can be


 * described as the hardest substance in the human body
 * describe as being bone like
 * described as being a source of nutrients that keep the teeth healthy

03/03/2012 1. Fill in the missing labels of the alimentary canal below.



2. Identify the labels where mechanical and chemical digestion occur. 3. State the function of each label 4. Explain what happens to crix and cheese ingested by Mr. Sims' to whenit is in his duodenum. 5. If this was his diet for 6 months explain what will be deficient in his diet and describe a dificiency disease Mr. Sims will suffer from a lack of a named vitamin and mineral. 7.If Adesh had his cancerous (A) removed by Dr. Romell explain how he must alter his diet in order to remain healthy. 8.Captain Sanchez crash landed in an area that has no sun light for 6-7 months. Suggest what deficiency disease will affect him and what will be his treatment if he had a years supply of tin foods and microwavable dinners.